Case Study 2 HRD 425 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

2 HRD 425 - Case Study Example or on the other hand in New England however predicts future rivalry from Super Valu and Fleming, which are two biggest players with income turnover of more than a few billion dollars. The organization has likewise as of late opened a monstrous dispersion cum warehousing office at Brattleboro to lessen the effect of association just as to extend its business advantages. The organization now needs to update its operational procedures and reinforce its collaboration profitability to address the difficulties of profoundly serious market. Presently C&S faces issues from bunch fronts vis-à -vis absence of compelling work coordination and profitability, absence of responsibility and obligation, issues with quality control, diminishing edge, low maintenance and expanded non-appearance. Subsequent to gaining its greatest customer, the organization had begun confronting issues of employees’ turnover bringing about expanded operational expense. There was likewise absence of responsibility and work coordination which antagonistically affected client relationship. In the wake of opening its enormous 300,000 square feet warehousing and conveyance focus in Brattleboro, it has extended its administrations to incorporate refrigerated and solidified things. The organization now needs to reclassify its market system and authoritative capacities to conquer expanded operational expense. Above all, in spite of the fact that C&S has packed away A&P’s orders, it has progressively gotten hard to facilitate its exercises and productively fulfill the needs of its new customer. Simultaneously, the necessities of its current customers are neither met skillfully nor are they getting the normal high caliber of client care. The firm essentially needs durable and inspired collaboration that energizes aggregate objectives and shared learning. The firm has around 800 representatives with 30 directs however unmistakably needs planned workplace. Laborers need inspiration and have gotten disappointed with exhaust coming about in employee’s turnover. The organization needs to roll out radical improvements in its operational

Charlie Gordon :: essays research papers

Charlie Gordon is the fundamental character of Flowers for Algernon. Charlie is an intellectually hindered, multi year old grown-up. He frantically needs to be brilliant, particularly after an exceptionally grieved adolescence in a family who made some hard memories adjusting to his disease. Charlie has an extraordinary mentality about transforming him, and was eager to do whatever it took to achieve the assignment of getting brilliant. Charlie participates in a medical procedure to support his knowledge that has just been tried on rodents, explicitly one named Algernon. After the medical procedure Charlie discovered that the grass isn’t constantly greener on the opposite side, and that huge numbers of his old companions wouldn’t see a similar individual in him. Charlie abruptly needed to encounter radical changes in his way of life and the story spins around these entanglements.      Charlie’s story started with the medical procedure, the greatest choice he made in his life. In spite of the fact that he was a guinea pig in the methodology, he wasn’t stressed at all over the medical procedure, but instead on getting brilliant as quick as possible. As far as anyone knows these specialists were doing Charlie the best kindness he could ever get, and he was so anxious to learn as much as possible. Before long be that as it may, Charlie would experience difficulties he never confronted with the insight of a multi year old. Prior to his medical procedure, Charlie had extraordinary companions in Miss Kinnian and the bread kitchen laborers. After the medical procedure the connections among Charlie and everybody he knew would take an exceptional turn.      A developing issue of Charlie’s is his very blended feelings toward the other gender. He begins a genuine connection with Alice Kinnian, his previous educator. Charlie starts to learn of how society treats the intellectually hindered. He understands his old companions at the bread shop simply ridicule him. In the wake of viewing the crowd giggle at video of him before the activity, Charlie flees from a psychological well-being gathering with Algernon in the wake of discovering that his activity turned out badly. Charlie researches on himself and discovers that insight without the capacity to give and get warmth prompts mental and moral breakdown.      In numerous ways Charlie was better before the activity. With his moronic way to deal with life e had the option to live joyfully with out issues or challenges that we face seeing someone today. In spite of the fact that he was rarely shrewd, Charlie was a decent individual before the medical procedure.

Success Story Event Management with MeisterTask - Focus

Success Story Event Management with MeisterTask - Focus Wedding days can be pretty high-pressure. Couples have often planned their big day for months or even years beforehand, refining minute details down to a T, working out which long lost aunties really warrant an invite and often forking out mega bucks, all to make their wedding day completely and utterly perfect. So, being a part of implementing this vision can be quite a lot on your shoulders. Anyone involved in wedding event management needs to be compassionate, diligent and super well organized. Interview with Wedding Business Owner, Martina Lundborg: Recently we sat down with Martina Lundborg, Wedding photographer from Gothenburg Sweden, to speak about how she manages to deal with (and actually enjoy) being an essential part of a couple’s big event. Martina takes us through how she prepares for, implements and follows-up with weddings, within her photography business. Martina â€" could you tell us a little about your business? Well, I’m a wedding and boudoir photographer based in Gothenburg, Sweden, and I’ve been shooting weddings since 2008. I mostly shoot locally, although I’ve travelled all over Sweden and Norway for events and I’ve been lucky enough to even shoot a wedding in Australia. Wedding photography is my part-time job, as weddings in Sweden are very seasonal. About 50,000 people get married every year and 45% of these couples get married in June, July or August. This means that the wedding photography business is very concentrated during the summer, and very low during the winter, when I focus primarily on my other role as a Marketing Assistant. What’s it like being part of a couple’s big day? My mission is to create memories that last a lifetime, hopefully, more. To be a part of a couple’s wedding day is a huge responsibility, but I love it. On the day itself, there’s a lot of action going on and a lot of things to remember. I use MeisterTask to plan for this, creating Project Boards for client management and project management. Over the summer, weddings must be pretty much back-to-back â€" how do you handle that? It’s pretty busy. A lot of work goes into trying to organize myself for the upcoming wedding season and managing projects concurrently, over the summer months themselves. In my Client Management Project in MeisterTask, I have one Project Board for this year’s booked weddings. The tasks for the weddings are divided into four sections:                From request to engagement photo                Preparations before the day                Packing the camera bag                The after work I can then create a task per couple so I’m able to move their task across the Project Board and ensure everything on the day itself goes to plan. Discover efficient project management Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask Have you ever had any event management nightmares on Wedding days? Not nightmares but I have forgotten small but essential things, like chocolate or water, which I need to keep going. To avoid this happening again I now have a camera bag checklist ready in MeisterTask, which I include in every wedding task. It’s always a risk when having one list, or just everything in your head, that you might forget something. I reduce this risk a lot by adding a new packing list for every couple, which I can tailor and double-check through the night before. I can keep adding things to the checklist that I usually forget the day before (like extra shoes, or cell phone charger), things that are great to have during the day but aren’t essential to get the job done. After 12+ hours of shooting non-stop, changing shoes is one of the best things that you can do. Do you take any other steps to make sure you’re properly prepared? Within MeisterTask, I use the tagging, due dates and attachment features. Depending on the chosen package, price and hours, I use different tags to filter my events. For example, I offer special deals at certain times of the year so I have tags to reflect this in the relevant tasks. I then use due dates to set myself reminders, e.g. to book a certain aspect by a set date.  To embed all relevant files within their respective tasks, e.g. a wedding venue floor plan, I attach documents and specifications using the Dropbox integration. How do you keep busy outside of Wedding season? All year round, I work as a marketing assistant for a Swedish company selling products around the world. I’ve recently started using MeisterTask in that capacity too, introducing the task management tool to the rest of our team. This position is divided between the US and Sweden, so MeisterTasks  collaborative functions like the commenting feature and assigning tasks, make it much simpler to work across locations. Within the marketing and sales teams, we use G Suite alongside MeisterTask, for similar collaborative reasons. Using Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, Gmail, Hangouts and Calendar, we can all remain on the same page, regardless of where we’re based. With MeisterTask we particularly use the Google Drive attachment feature, ensuring that each task has all the information we need to proceed. In addition to shooting weddings, I’m also a portrait photographer. Lots of women have portraits taken for their partners as gifts, but the real aim is to make them feel confident and happy in their own skin. I also keep busy planning out my dreams for this year and next. For this, I have a MeisterTask Project for personal projects, listing all of my dreams and ideas. My ‘Dreams for 2018’ project includes what I’d like to get done and importantly, the steps I need to take to achieve this. This gives me a great space to note down ideas, whenever they pop into my head, whether at home or on the move, and keeps me focused on my goals. How does MeisterTask work for you, as a creative person? There’s just so much about it that makes work easier for me. I’m an organizer, but at the same time, being the creative type, I couldn’t really find a solution that I stuck to. I tried Excel spreadsheets, paper calendars, the calendar in my iPhone, notes on my iPhone, all of them combined! But I struggled a lot with both design and function. I’d tried Trello too but hadn’t got into the right workflow as I didn’t get along with the design, which affects my workflow a lot. The design is so gorgeous and clean, I want to organize, I want to plan, I want to keep everything updated, I want to complete things! So when I found MeisterTask and realized that it pretty much combines everything I needed, I was fixed. The design is so gorgeous and clean, I want to organize, I want to plan, I want to keep everything updated, I want to complete things! All of this is great for business and using the desktop application and the focus feature on tasks, I keep focused on work and undistracted from other browser tabs. Even when I’m away from my laptop, I can still do everything from my phone with the iOS app. As a result, I don’t miss out on anything because I haven’t got my calendar on me and if I get a request from a couple, I can check availability directly, give them an accurate answer and have them set up as a client within a couple of minutes. What are the next steps for your business? I’ve always worked alone as a Wedding photographer but I’m starting to get involved with projects that involve cooperating more with other photographers in Sweden â€" projects that I would never have considered  since the management would take too much time. However, since I’ve worked out a much better workflow with MeisterTask, although it sounds cliché, anything now feels possible! Huge thanks to Martina Lundborg for sharing her story and workflows with us. You can get in touch with Martina about her photography services, via her website: www.martinalundborg.se Project management made simple Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask Success Story Event Management with MeisterTask - Focus Wedding days can be pretty high-pressure. Couples have often planned their big day for months or even years beforehand, refining minute details down to a T, working out which long lost aunties really warrant an invite and often forking out mega bucks, all to make their wedding day completely and utterly perfect. So, being a part of implementing this vision can be quite a lot on your shoulders. Anyone involved in wedding event management needs to be compassionate, diligent and super well organized. Interview with Wedding Business Owner, Martina Lundborg: Recently we sat down with Martina Lundborg, Wedding photographer from Gothenburg Sweden, to speak about how she manages to deal with (and actually enjoy) being an essential part of a couple’s big event. Martina takes us through how she prepares for, implements and follows-up with weddings, within her photography business. Martina â€" could you tell us a little about your business? Well, I’m a wedding and boudoir photographer based in Gothenburg, Sweden, and I’ve been shooting weddings since 2008. I mostly shoot locally, although I’ve travelled all over Sweden and Norway for events and I’ve been lucky enough to even shoot a wedding in Australia. Wedding photography is my part-time job, as weddings in Sweden are very seasonal. About 50,000 people get married every year and 45% of these couples get married in June, July or August. This means that the wedding photography business is very concentrated during the summer, and very low during the winter, when I focus primarily on my other role as a Marketing Assistant. What’s it like being part of a couple’s big day? My mission is to create memories that last a lifetime, hopefully, more. To be a part of a couple’s wedding day is a huge responsibility, but I love it. On the day itself, there’s a lot of action going on and a lot of things to remember. I use MeisterTask to plan for this, creating Project Boards for client management and project management. Over the summer, weddings must be pretty much back-to-back â€" how do you handle that? It’s pretty busy. A lot of work goes into trying to organize myself for the upcoming wedding season and managing projects concurrently, over the summer months themselves. In my Client Management Project in MeisterTask, I have one Project Board for this year’s booked weddings. The tasks for the weddings are divided into four sections:                From request to engagement photo                Preparations before the day                Packing the camera bag                The after work I can then create a task per couple so I’m able to move their task across the Project Board and ensure everything on the day itself goes to plan. Discover efficient project management Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask Have you ever had any event management nightmares on Wedding days? Not nightmares but I have forgotten small but essential things, like chocolate or water, which I need to keep going. To avoid this happening again I now have a camera bag checklist ready in MeisterTask, which I include in every wedding task. It’s always a risk when having one list, or just everything in your head, that you might forget something. I reduce this risk a lot by adding a new packing list for every couple, which I can tailor and double-check through the night before. I can keep adding things to the checklist that I usually forget the day before (like extra shoes, or cell phone charger), things that are great to have during the day but aren’t essential to get the job done. After 12+ hours of shooting non-stop, changing shoes is one of the best things that you can do. Do you take any other steps to make sure you’re properly prepared? Within MeisterTask, I use the tagging, due dates and attachment features. Depending on the chosen package, price and hours, I use different tags to filter my events. For example, I offer special deals at certain times of the year so I have tags to reflect this in the relevant tasks. I then use due dates to set myself reminders, e.g. to book a certain aspect by a set date.  To embed all relevant files within their respective tasks, e.g. a wedding venue floor plan, I attach documents and specifications using the Dropbox integration. How do you keep busy outside of Wedding season? All year round, I work as a marketing assistant for a Swedish company selling products around the world. I’ve recently started using MeisterTask in that capacity too, introducing the task management tool to the rest of our team. This position is divided between the US and Sweden, so MeisterTasks  collaborative functions like the commenting feature and assigning tasks, make it much simpler to work across locations. Within the marketing and sales teams, we use G Suite alongside MeisterTask, for similar collaborative reasons. Using Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, Gmail, Hangouts and Calendar, we can all remain on the same page, regardless of where we’re based. With MeisterTask we particularly use the Google Drive attachment feature, ensuring that each task has all the information we need to proceed. In addition to shooting weddings, I’m also a portrait photographer. Lots of women have portraits taken for their partners as gifts, but the real aim is to make them feel confident and happy in their own skin. I also keep busy planning out my dreams for this year and next. For this, I have a MeisterTask Project for personal projects, listing all of my dreams and ideas. My ‘Dreams for 2018’ project includes what I’d like to get done and importantly, the steps I need to take to achieve this. This gives me a great space to note down ideas, whenever they pop into my head, whether at home or on the move, and keeps me focused on my goals. How does MeisterTask work for you, as a creative person? There’s just so much about it that makes work easier for me. I’m an organizer, but at the same time, being the creative type, I couldn’t really find a solution that I stuck to. I tried Excel spreadsheets, paper calendars, the calendar in my iPhone, notes on my iPhone, all of them combined! But I struggled a lot with both design and function. I’d tried Trello too but hadn’t got into the right workflow as I didn’t get along with the design, which affects my workflow a lot. The design is so gorgeous and clean, I want to organize, I want to plan, I want to keep everything updated, I want to complete things! So when I found MeisterTask and realized that it pretty much combines everything I needed, I was fixed. The design is so gorgeous and clean, I want to organize, I want to plan, I want to keep everything updated, I want to complete things! All of this is great for business and using the desktop application and the focus feature on tasks, I keep focused on work and undistracted from other browser tabs. Even when I’m away from my laptop, I can still do everything from my phone with the iOS app. As a result, I don’t miss out on anything because I haven’t got my calendar on me and if I get a request from a couple, I can check availability directly, give them an accurate answer and have them set up as a client within a couple of minutes. What are the next steps for your business? I’ve always worked alone as a Wedding photographer but I’m starting to get involved with projects that involve cooperating more with other photographers in Sweden â€" projects that I would never have considered  since the management would take too much time. However, since I’ve worked out a much better workflow with MeisterTask, although it sounds cliché, anything now feels possible! Huge thanks to Martina Lundborg for sharing her story and workflows with us. You can get in touch with Martina about her photography services, via her website: www.martinalundborg.se Project management made simple Try MeisterTask Its free! Try MeisterTask

Dating Violence On The Rise - 2030 Words

Dating Violence on the Rise Immediately upon hearing about another abusive case in the news, many people’s minds are triggered to automatically associate violence in relationships with adults. In reality, our society is often unaware that 1 in 3 teens experience dating violence on a daily basis. This is a total of 1.5 million students across the country, according to the National Dating Abuse Hotline and awareness group, Break the Cycle. Meaning, in an average American graduating class of three hundred, one hundred of those students will have experienced forms of physical, emotional, psychological, sexual, verbal, financial, technological or spiritual/cultural abuse. â€Å"Dating violence is controlling, abusive, and aggressive behavior in†¦show more content†¦Humiliation, jealousy, accusations, threats, possessiveness, overdependence and withdrawal of attention are other signs of this severity of violence (â€Å"The Facts about Teen Dating Violence†). â€Å" Of tweens (age 11-14) who have been in a dating relationship, 62% say they know peers who have been verbally abused by a dating partner† (Liz Claiborne, Inc/Teen Research Unlimited, 2007). Frequently, verbal and emotional abuse contains the use of technology. People abuse the use of the internet, computer, cell phones, email, etc. is all agencies of abuse. â€Å"Their battleground becomes the telephone and social media--where put-downs, name calling and jealousy manifest in angry phone calls and Facebook posts† (Duret). Some do not fully realize the effect words can have on a person. Words hurt. Next, sexual violence in teen relationships is the highest on the list. Dangers may include non-consented touching and kissing, forced sex, or pornography. As stated on the website loveisrespect.org, â€Å"girls and young women between the ages of 16 and 24 experiences the highest rate of intimate partner violence—almost triple the national average† (Dating Abuse S tatistics). These issues can lead to unplanned pregnancy, attempted suicide and serious emotional instability. Staying alert to these issues not only is important to one’s safety, but can potentially be helpful to a future acquaintance or relationship. In

Should Alcohol Be An Addiction - 902 Words

When it comes to the topic of alcohol, most of us will readily agree that yes it is an addiction. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of no alcohol is not an addiction. Whereas some are convinced that yes it is, others maintain that no it is not. Anyone can be addicted to alcohol, but alcohol is not in and of itself an addiction. The capacity of absorbing alcohol in tremendous amounts can occur over weeks or years, which can lead the individual not to have an addiction to alcohol. Many will ask the question of can excessive use of alcohol become an addiction? No, alcohol cannot be an addiction, some would contest consumption that consuming alcohol is for mere fun. Others still maintain the fact that the addiction is more of a destructive behavior because that is what occurred in their confusion. They argue, in fact, there is no major result of alcohol other than the fact an individual becomes drunk to cover up pain that doesn’t lead the person to bec ome an addict. Another question asked, could alcohol lead to having other addictions? No, Scientists have discovered points of alcohol addictions and whether or not it is even an addiction but more of a disease. In all actuality, these scientists retain of alcoholism is more heredity rather than an addiction, since they look at it as a â€Å"neuroanatomical† this focuses on the individuals affects of emotions of happiness or melancholy. Researchers indicate the basics of what they callShow MoreRelatedAddiction: More Than Just a Word Essay example1279 Words   |  6 PagesAddiction: More Than Just a Word â€Å"Prevention usually is translated as parents having conversations with their adolescent children, pointing out the dangers of alcohol.† (Kramer, LizSprague, Nancy, Alcohol Abuse Youth: An Overview). 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It is a tool to destroy personal and family lives if uncontrolled. Different people have different levels of control over the use of alcohol where some can actually use it only on occasions while others mess up their lives for it. Teens particularly are prone to the hazards of alcohol if they start quitting school to. The role of family is very significant in helping alcoholics overcome their addiction and lead a healthy non-alcoholicRead MoreEssay on The Concept of Dual Addiction1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe Concept of Dual Addiction This research paper will focus on the concept of dual addiction specifically, that of alcohol addiction and simultaneous nicotine addiction. I should make note at this point of my personal interest in the addictive process is a result of the existence of addiction in my family. I have experienced and observed the chaos, hardships and tragedies in my family as a result of the progressive nature of the addiction process. 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Accordingly, based on scientific evidence, alcoholism is a disease because it has major long-term effects on the brain, it is an addiction, and it is treated medically. The first major reason alcoholism should be considered disease is the long-lastingRead MoreThe Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors1333 Words   |  6 PagesBehaviors in the life of Adolescence When dealing with addictive behaviors in Psychology, people find that adolescents are more likely to get involved with addictions and uncontrollable wants with things such as alcohol, smoking, drugs, sex, and much more. With those subjects listed, the age groups more prone to opening up doors to these addictions are the ages of 18-23. This is said for a number of reasons. There is loneliness from living away from home, there is more personal responsibility to manageRead More Drug And Alcohol Abuse Essay994 Words   |  4 Pagesof Missouri, the issue I would encourage him to address is the manufacture of drugs and the use of drugs and alcohol throughout our state. The advice I would give him is to impose stiffer penalties for those who manufacture drugs and focus on prevention, and, most importantly, rehabilitation, of those who abuse alcohol or drugs.According to the Missouri Department of Mental Health, alcohol and drug abuse affects more than 259,000 Missourians and another 800, 000 who are family members of substanceRead MoreWhat Drug Did The French Doctor Use Help Rein His Cravings For Alcohol? Essay1380 Words   |  6 PagesWhat drug did the French doctor use to help curb his cravings for alcohol? In order to curb his cravings for alcohol, the French doctor used a muscle relaxant named baclofen to â€Å"flip a switch† and get rid of his cravings for alcohol. He initially tried lower doses which did not seem to have an effect, but higher doses of the drug allowed the doctor to rid himself of the cravings for alcohol, and eventually he was indifferent to alcohol after the drug. Later it was found that there were more cases where

Kengdie Free Essays

The Freshman Manifesto The ideal food system is; sustainable, both in practice and in mindset, values necessity over want whenever food is concerned, and is available to all peoples while promoting equality. Sustainability at its hear Is both a practice and a mindset. One cannot be present without†¦ Premiums Words Pages Ap Human Gee Summer Assignment . We will write a custom essay sample on Kengdie or any similar topic only for you Order Now AP Human Geography: Summer Assignment 2013 Pick at least one of the following books to read as your primary selected reading: – Fast Food Nation by Eric Closer ISBN 0-395-97789-4 – HOW soccer Explains the world by Franklin Fore ISBN -06-621234-0 -Why Geography Matters by Harm†¦ Premiums Words Pages Geography Defining geography: translates to â€Å"Earth Describe- Write† The study of geography Is about places (objective and subjective), Regions Geographers: study the spatial and temporal distribution of phenomena, processes, and features as well as the interaction of humans with their environments Human Geography:†¦ Premiums Words Pages globalization every nation. From economic to social to culture, this widespread exchange of goods, services and Ideas have Influenced changes around the world. Even though the ultra influence in globalization is of slight significance to policy makers, its power has tremendous consequences to the nations involved†¦ Premiums Words Pages Globalization in Thai the nation states which make up the modern world system’. Another meaning of globalization Is the increase In Interrelationship of culture, people, and economic globalization as any relationship between nations around†¦ Premiums Words Pages English Topics number of second-language speakers may soon exceed the number of native speakers, if it has not done so already. The working languages of the United Nations re English and French. All documents are written only in the working languages. English has become now the language of international communication†¦ Premiums Worlds 5 Pages Easy APP Human Geography Teacher’s Guide Paul T. Gray, Jar. Roseville High School Roseville, Arkansas Gregory M. Sherwin Dalai E. Stevenson High School Lancashire, Illinois connect to college success†* www. Collaborate. Com APP Human Geography Teacher’s Guide Paul T. Gray, Jar. Roseville†¦ Premium’s Worlds 64 Pages What Are Cultural Factors That Promote Caribbean Integration developed countries; heir headquarters are usually located in developed countries. World Bank an international organization made up of three United Nations (UN) agencies. It provides less developed countries (Olds) with technical assistance and reconstruction and development finance. Glossary of selected†¦ Premiums Words Pages Globalization-Impact on Education connectedness are all features of globalization. The current trend towards globalization will create the necessary infrastructure for individuals and nations to interact with each other and mutually benefit from such a process. 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Nineteenth Century Businessmen Robber Barons Essay Example

Nineteenth Century Businessmen Robber Barons Essay In the 19th century, the United States experienced a rapid industrial revolution and economic growth. The U.S. was transformed from a country of rural farms and small towns to a modern industrial nation dominated by large cities and factories. Leading the way throughout the industrial boom were big businessmen notoriously known for their ruthless business tactics, so should history portray these business leaders as creative industrial pioneers or greedy robber barons? According to Howard Zinn, â€Å"Robber Barons† was accurate in describing these businessmen. He stated â€Å"the new industrialists such as John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J.P. Morgan adopted business practices that encourage monopolies and used the powers of government to control the masses from rebellion.† (Zinn). Whereas, John S. Gordon argues that such â€Å"the 19th century men of big business such as Rockefeller and Carnegie developed through the oil and steel industries’ consumer p roducts that improved the lifestyles of average Americans† (Gordon). In my view, Howard Zinn presents a more convincing argument of why 19th-century businessmen should be dubbed â€Å"robber barons†. Zinn calls attention to numerous examples of robber barons paying off government officials to pass legislation that would benefit their businesses. The magnitude of corruption becomes evident as Zinn describes President Cleveland’s involvement. President Cleveland appointed chief advisor William Whitney, a millionaire and corporation lawyer, who just so happened to be involved with Standard Oil. After Whitney was appointed to Secretary of Navy he immediately set about to create a â€Å"steel navy,† buying steel at artificially high prices from â€Å"Robber Baron† Andrew Carnegie’s plants (Zinn). John S. Gordon offers little defense to such allegations of corruption and even admits big businessmen utilized secret railroad rebates to dominate their competitors (Gordon). Zinn continues We will write a custom essay sample on Nineteenth Century Businessmen Robber Barons specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nineteenth Century Businessmen Robber Barons specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nineteenth Century Businessmen Robber Barons specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Effects of Biological Warfare essays

Effects of Biological Warfare essays The Effects of Biological Weapons on the Past and Presents Society Thesis: Biological Warfare is morally and inhumanely wrong, It is the wrongful killing of men, women, and children. It should be stopped no matter what the circumstances are. I. Introduction into the bad effects of biological warfare through some examples. a. Example of single affect of biological warfare b. Example of a country using Biological Warfare II. Definition of Biological Warfare III. Reasons why biological warfare should be stopped. b. Impossible to control or predict its effect. IV. Countries that still produce biological weapons The Effects of Biological Weapons on the Past and Presents Society In 1978, a popular writer and Bulgarian exile by the name of Georgi Markov was going on his way to work in the British Broadcasting Corporation, which is better known as BBC, where he broadcasted to his homeland from a station named Radio Free Europe. While he was walking he felt a sudden sharp pain in his leg. When he turned around he observed a man picking up an umbrella. The man apologized for what he had done and kept on walking. Georgi Markov became sick that night and died a couple of days later. The autopsy that was conducted on the body uncovered a small pellet that had a coat of ricin on it, which is a biological poison (Mayer, p 4). Throughout the early 1900s, Great Britain was developing a biological weapon program. It all started because Great Britain was afraid that Germany and Japan had a great advantage in biological technology in comparison to them. They were testing to see the range of spread of the anthrax spores. Great Britain tested its weapons on the coast of the Island of Gruinard in Scotland were they thought it was far enough from they coast so it would not contaminate or hurt the mainland. In the year of 1943 throughout many experiments that were conducted it was proven that sheep and cattle were affected with an...

How to Become an Editor

How to Become an Editor If your email inbox is jammed with friends and family sending you little projects like resumes, reports, or other documents to review, you might already be an unofficial editor. If finding grammatical issues in public places makes you cringe, and you want to bust out your red pen every time someone uses â€Å"supposably† on Facebook, it might be time to take your hobby to the next (professional) level. Or, if you’re like me, you have an English-type degree and aren’t sure what you want to do with, but you do know that you love reading and writing, it could be the right path for you. What Does An Editor Do?There are lots of different kinds of editors. At the most basic level, an editor is someone who ensures the quality of writing- either print or digital. They may also:manage projects from start to finish.review topics in specialty areas (like medical, technical, or legal writing) for accuracy.make decisions about what content should be included in a book, public ation, or website.select books for publication.organize writing into a coherent structure.copyedit and proofread material for grammar, style, and proper usage.factcheck content before publication.work with writers to shape, develop, and refine their writing- fiction or nonfiction.rewriting content, or writing supplemental material, like introductions, headlines, notes, etc.hire content writers.consult on layout and design.develop content strategies for publications or publishers.You find editors wherever there are words presented to the public, basically. They’re employed by book publishing companies, newspapers, magazines, companies in all industries for in-house and corporate communications, websites, and other places that need to deal with content. Think of an editor as a content wrangler, in all of its many forms. Let’s look at some of the more common career paths for editors: [via PayScale]What Skills Do Editors Have?Editors are multitaskers. They have to be write rs, judges, fix-it-fast technicians, managers, and shepherds.These are some of the most crucial skill sets that you’d need as an editor:Editors are organizational enforcers. They work on deadlines (often short and unforgiving ones) and with sets of rules (like page limits or layouts) to make sure the writing is as good as it can be for the target format.Strong writing  and verbal skills are a must for editors. Sure, you may be working with other people’s writing instead of your own, but you need to be able to recognize good writing if you’re going to fix writing that needs a little help. That means you need to be able to understand what others are putting out there, and be able to revise/refine that as necessary. It also means you should be able to express your own thoughts clearly as well. Communicating back and forth is an essential part of any editor’s job.Part of being an editor is not only making tough decisions about content or writing, but also c ommunicating to the writer why you think these changes are important. This means being able to navigate sometimes difficult conversations with a broad array of personalities. Some writers are open to constructive feedback. Others†¦are not. True story: I once had an author email me on Christmas Eve, and let me know that I’d ruined her holiday by communicating a change to her book. Part of being a professional editor is being able to manage the writer/editor relationship with diplomacy and patience.Always one of the bedrock freelance careers, freelance editing is one of the best ways to dip your toes into the career if you’re new to the field, or not quite sure this is what you want to do full-time. That means you need to have some hustle in you, networking and always on the lookout for potential new jobs.You’ll need attention to detail. â€Å"Close enough† should not be in your professional vocabulary as an editor. Whether it’s a fact that seem s questionable or a stray comma, a pair of eagle eyes is one of your biggest professional assets as an editor.Being an editor often means being able to roll with new technologies. Knowing the latest design and layout programs, or editing software, will be key in finding and keeping editorial jobs. Basic coding skills are a huge plus for your resume as well. Content is a fast-moving industry, so a red pen alone just won’t cut it anymore.Content expertise is a must. There’s a big world of writing out there, and no one can be an editor for all things. Whichever lane you’re in, make sure you’re as knowledgeable as you can be. For example, if you specialize in editing medical writing for journals, read as much as you can in your field. Know your trends. If you’re an editor for an online food site, know what the latest foodie trends are.What Education Do Editors Need?There’s no hard-and-fast rule about how much education editor should have. You do n’t need any special licensing or certification to be an editor. However, most editorial jobs do require at least a college degree. A degree usually assures a base line of reading, writing, and critical thinking skills, but you don’t necessarily have to have a degree in English, Literature, Creative Writing, or similar disciplines (though those do help if you want to go into traditional book editing). The most important part is having strong writing, verbal, and communication skills, and developing experience. And in fact, if you want to specialize in an area like legal editing or medical editing, a degree in one of those subject areas might be just as useful as English or Communications.Editors should always be open to continuing education as well. Many schools, like New York University, Emerson College in Boston, and the University of Denver offer graduate programs in publishing. Many online schools, community colleges, four-year colleges and universities, and techni cal schools also offer individual classes in types of editing, proofreading, or other skill-building areas for editors. Editors may also want to take classes in graphic design, publishing software, web design, or project management to develop their supplemental skills as well. Sites like Mediabistro (which will become your new best friend, BTW, if you’re an editor) have great information about classes and training opportunities available to writers and editors.Many editors start with internships at publishing companies or specific publications, to build skills and gain experience in the field.To Freelance or Not to Freelance?While there are traditional full-and part-time jobs out there for editors, many people opt to go the self-employment route, and create a freelance editing career path for themselves. This is also the way to go if you’re adopting editing as your side hustle before you make it your career. If you’re interested in becoming a freelance editor, t wo of the first things you should do are 1) build a great resume packed with strong experience bullet points, and 2) keep growing your network.How Much Do Editors Get Paid?Let’s just say that editing is a career you choose for love, not necessarily money. That’s not to say you can’t earn a living as an editor (you can!), but, well, when was the last time you heard anyone referred to as â€Å"millionaire editor So-and-So†? (If you have heard that recently, definitely let me know. Asking for a friend.) Because there are so many different kinds of editors working on different types of projects, the compensation levels vary too.As a general group, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics pegs the median editorial salary at $56,010 per year, or $26.93 per hour. PayScale puts editor salaries in an even broader range, from $32,810 to $80,595Here are some of the median pay stats for different kinds of editors:Magazine Editor: $48,509Copy Editor: $41,325Associate Book Editor: $42,761Content Manager: $53,575Book Editor: $49,332Web Editor: $48.030Variable factors include level of experience, location (cities like New York and Chicago are often hot spots for editorial jobs), and full-time salary vs. freelance or project-based rates.What is the Outlook for Editors?While the field isn’t expected to grow as much as some industries (particularly tech and healthcare), editors are a perennial need, especially as people push to have quality content available in every conceivable print and digital form.So what do you think? Are you ready to pick up your red pen (or red pen app) and start content-managing for your supper?

Comparison matrix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparison matrix - Essay Example This type of learning transcends to a more interconnected view of the universe [where] knowledge is seen as an abstract whole to be accessed through inquiry of themes, issues, experiences, and problems (Mathison and Freeman, 1997). This approach to social studies learning also encourages discussion, critical thinking, creativity and decision making which is applicable in a real world setting. Its drawback is its cost because implementation of integrative learning may require an overhaul of the curriculum being used in the current K-12 system. According to the study of (Petrides et al., 2011) while textbooks provide a cost saving method to facilitate learning, textbook learning still requires more opportunities for more engagement and interaction such as â€Å"in-class discussions led by students, supported by web-based interactive technologies† (41). Compared to integrative learning, textbook learning is very limited as the interpretation of the universe is limited only to the viewpoint of the author and does not provide the opportunity for application, comparison and discussion of the text. c) Commercially purchased social studies learning – commercially purchased social studies learning such as technology assisted teaching medium (DVD tutorials, online learning) became more versatile today than they were first introduced, it still cannot facilitate critical reflection and decision making due to the limitation of the medium (Rose and Fernlund, 1997). Unlike the integrative method of social studies learning where a student can infer to various discipline in synthesizing his or her interpretation of the universe, commercially purchased social studies learning are only limited to the pre-set curriculum of the program purchased. Online learning may provide interaction but the coverage of discussion is not as comprehensive compared to integrative mode of learning. Commercially purchased social studies learning can also be costly

Jazz & Rock in the Soviet Block Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Jazz & Rock in the Soviet Block - Essay Example They were seen as thugs and hooligans revolting and siding with the capitalist west. For instance, outward appearance was seen to be double oppositionist. This explains why sixties teenagers enjoyed the illusion of seeing themselves as revolutionaries by simply wearing blue jeans keeping long hair. A different paradoxical aspect is that rock movement during its promising phases stood at the heart of dynamic artistic amateur by embracing a wide activity range like acting, puppetry, ballet movement etc. thus integrating a few criticism elements which had been denied expression in other public life spheres (Anna Szemere, Some Institutional Aspects of Pop and Rock in Hungary, Pp 125). Rock and jazz verse structures  are known to influence individual actions within a common activity situation. This kind of musical progression focuses on both community and individuality. For the soviet youth it had no comparison. Rock music gradually evolved into essential freedom and self expression ing redient. It was viewed by its lovers as a political action companion rather than a being just a driver. This was especially because it unfolded from the west. Many rock ‘n’ roll musicians adhered to west anti war movement because of its rebelliousness appeal rather than political goals.  Rock music engendered opposing the authority, specifically when it was tied to rigid political ideologies restricting freedom of expression (Yuri Pelyushonok, Strings For a Beatle Bass, Pp. 8-17). Rock and jazz  played an important role in  subverting the Soviet Union political order. This unique genre of music undermined Soviet authority and humanized the West. It helped to alienate the young generation from oppressive political systems and sparked a revolution. It was achieved through use of... This essay mostly discusses on how the youth lost interest in the Soviet unshakeable ideals of communism. The Soviet youth no longer thought of English-speaking people as enemies. The essay describes how in the process of jazz and rock music development in the USSR the Communists had lost two young generations. The impact and power of music as a revolutionary act is a main focus of this essay, such change was incredible and remarkable in the Soviet Block. Even if some people were no rock or jazz fans due to political reasons, since the political system was against it, by merely having to listen to music was disobedience by itself. Active participation by extension made an individual an active agent working against the soviet regime. The researcher also mentiones that some of the dedicated writers and composers went to greater lengths of concealing their dissent and discusses impacts and effects of it. This was given a code name, ‘Rocking the Wall.’ Either way, the music reached its audience and the message was well received. Some songs would be indirectly talking about the west or the United States or sometimes capitalism. To the music fans this was coded message which was obviously ridiculing and criticizing the soviets and their communist ideologies. To conclude, the researcher sums up that the communist regimes inability curb, replace, eradicate, or assimilate rock music influence probably helped in ensuring that the population would one day turn against totalitarianism.

Phases Of A Cell Cycle Biology Essay

Phases Of A Cell Cycle Biology Essay Interphase is a part of the cell cycle in which the cell reproduces more DNA, it is the time when a cell accomplishes the most this is the time that the cell is preparing to divide. It is duplicating its organells and increasing the amount of cytoplasm it has in order to undergo cell division interphase constitutes the longest period of the cell cycle and is divided into three successive phases. G1 phase S phase G2 phase 2.1.1. G1 Phase: The first part of the inter phase is G1. In G1phase the cellular metabolic rate is high in which cell normally grows in size. And synthesis of m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA and proteins occur. This phase involves accumulation and synthesis of specific enzymes needed to control DNA-synthesis and production of DNA base unit so that the supply is at hand when synthesis being. 2.1.2. S Phase: The S phase is the intermediate phase between G1growth phase (gap-1) and G2 growth phase (gap-2).During the portion of cell cycle the DNA molecule are actually duplicated to produce two similar daughter cells. 2.1.3. G2 Phase: During the gap between DNA synthesis and mitosis, the cell will continue to grow. It is also called pre-mitotic phase. In this phase energy is stored for chromosome movement. Mitotic specific protein RNA and microtubule subunit are synthesis. 2.2. Mitotic Phase: This phase involves the division of nucleus and division of cytoplasm. At this stage the growth and protein production stop. All of the cell cycle focused on the complex and orderly division into two similar daughter cells. Mitosis is much shorter than inter phase. Lasting phase only one two hours. As in both G1 and G2, there is a checkpoint in the middle of mitosis that ensures the cell is ready to complete cell division actually stages of mitosis can be viewed at animal cell mitosis. 3. Mitosis: It is a process of nuclear and cell division in which the numbers of chromosomes in daughter cells are same as that of parent cell. 4. Phases of Mitosis: Mitosis is a continuous process which has two phases. Karyokinesis Cytokinesis 4.1. Karyokinesis: This phase involves the nuclear division .Animal cell has a special structure for cell division called centriole. At the start of mitosis centriole is divided into two pairs. Each pairs migrate to the opposite side of the nucleus thus forming two poles of the dividing cell. The microtubules including aster and spindle are called mitotic apparatus. There size is larger than nucleus. The function of the mitotic apparatus is to attach and capture chromosomes, align them correctly and separate them so that equal distribution of chromosomes should take place. The microtubules are set of fibers which are three in number. They originate from each pair of centrioles. One set of microtubules is called astral microtubules which form aster outward. The other two sets form the spindle in which one is kinetochore microtubules and other is polar microtubules and other is polar microtubules. 4.1.1. Stages of Karyokinesis: Karyokinesis can be divided into four stages. Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase 4.1.1.1. Prophase: Chromosomes can not be seen in the interphase stage even by electron microscope. However by using some special stains chromatin network of fine threads can be seen which is called chromatin. The following events take place in prophase. Nuclear envelope along with nucleoli disappear Centrioles completely migrate towards their poles Mitotic apparatus is organized Cytoplasm becomes more viscous The chromatin material get condensed by folding and chromosomes appear as thin threads and eventually become thick consisting of two chromatids attached with centromere 4.1.1.2. Metaphase: At metaphase chromosomes have become completely thick consisting of chromatid. These chromatids are attached to centromere. The Cells has special area the kinetochore where kinetochore fibres of mitotic apparatus attach. The kinetochore fibers of spindle are attached to kinetochore region of chromosomes and align them at the equator of the spindle forming equatorial plate or metaphase plate. Each kinetochore gets two fibers each from opposite poles. 4.1.1.3. Anaphase: It is very important phase of mitosis. The kinetochore fibers of spindle contract toward their respective poles exert force which separates the two chromatids from centromere. In this way two sister chromatids are formed. Half of them move to one pole and other half towards other pole. 4.1.1.4. Telophase: As the chromosomes reach to their respective pole telophase starts. The chromosome starts unfolding and become chromatin material. Mitotic apparatus starts disappearing while nucleus and nuceolic appears and thus two nucleoli are formed at each pole of the cell. 4.2. Cytokinesis: Cytokinesis is a phase of the mitosis in which whole of the cell divides. At this phase the astral microtubules send signals to equatorial region of cell which activate action and myosin to form contractile ring. This contractile rings form cleavage furrow in the center of cells which get deepens gradually and ultimately divide the parent cell into two daughter cells. 5. MEIOSIS: Meiosis is a special type of cell division in which the numbers of chromosomes in daughter cells are reduced to half as compare to parent cell. In animals it occurs in diploid cells at gamete formation while in plants it takes place at spore formation at gamete formation. Meiosis can take place in two divisions Meiosis I Meiosis II The first meiotic division is reduction division and second meiotic division is like that of mitosis. After two divisions diploid cell produce four haploid cells. 5.1. Stages of Meiosis I: Meiosis I is further divided into four sub-stages as following Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase Telophase 5.1.1. Prophase I: Prophase I is a very long phase. The chromosomes in this phase behave like the homologous pairs which is different as that from mitosis. The similar chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes. Prophase I is divided into five sub stages. Leptotene Zygotene Pachytene Diplotene Diakinesis 5.1.1.1. Leptotene: At this stage the chromosomes appear as very long narrow thread and the size of nucleus increase and homologous chromosomes become closer. 5.1.1.2. Zygotene: First essential phenomenon of meiosis i.e. pairing of homologous chromosomes called synapsis starts. This pairing is highly specific and exactly pointed, but with no definite starting point. At this phase nuclei also disappears. Each paired but no fused complex structure is called bivalent or tetrad. 5.1.1.3. Pachytene: The pairing of homologous chromosomes is completed. Chromosomes become more and more thick. Each bivalent has four chromatids, which wrap around each other. Non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange their segments due to chiasmata formation. During the process called crossing over. In this way reshuffling of genetic materials occur, which produces recombination. 5.1.1.4. Diplotene: The next stage of meiosis is diplotene where bivalents are distinct and contracted. During this phase the chiasmata of each bivalent undergoes terminalization that are the movement of two homologous chromosomes to the two ends. During the stage of prophase due to chromosome contraction they are very distinct as visible bivalent structure. 5.1.1.5. Diakinesis: Next phase is diakinesis where the chiasmata are fully terminalized and the two chromosomes remain together though fully terminalized. 5.1.2. Metaphase I: Nuclear membrane disorganize at the beginning of this phase. Spindle fibres originate and the kinetochore fibres attach to the kinetochore of the homologous chromosomes from each pole and arrange bivalent at the equator. The sister chromatids of individual chromosomes in bivalent behave as a unit. 5.1.3. Anaphase I: In this succeeding anaphase that is Anaphase I, the homologous centromeres move towards opposite direction of the pole. The centromere of each chromosome remains intact. The chromosome being separated there is no chaismata at this stage. 5.1.4. Telophase: Nuclear membranes organize around each set of chromosomes at two poles. Nucleoli reappear thus two nuclei each with half number of chromosome is formed, later on, cytoplasm divides thus terminating the first meiotic division. 6. Summary: Each cell cycle has two phase- interphase and mitotic phase. Inter phase is highly metabolic phase and subdivided into G1, S, G2 phases. Dividing phase involves the division of nucleus and division of cytoplasm. Mitosis is an equational cell division occurs in somatic cells producing two cells of the same chromosomes number of parent cell. Karyokinesis occurs in four phase à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase and is followed by cytokinesis. Meiosis is a reductional cell division occurs in germ cells producing four cells of half chromosomes number from that of parent cell, Nucleus divides twice in meiosis. Prophase I is of longer duration with substages leptotene, zygotene, pachytene. diplotene, diakinesis and is characterized by bivalent formation and crossing over through chaismata formation.

Case 1

Case Analysis 1: Hightone Electronics, Inc. Identification Information: This case analysis is from chapter 1 of our text book, Operations Management. It is found on page 25 and titled, â€Å"Hightone Electronics, Inc. † Summary of the Facts of the Case: Hightone Electronics, Inc. (HEI) is an electronic components supply company founded over 50 years ago. The company has a reputation for high quality and service. HEI's simple business of supplying radio repair shops with parts has grown to include home delivery, and larger customers such as technical schools, universities, and well-known corporations.The company stocks and sells over 22,000 different items and most customers receive their order within 48 hours. George Gonzales is the operations director for HEI. He has been tasked with making operations management decisions necessary to make HEI a successful Internet-based business. Mr. Gonzales agrees that this is an important step for the future success of the company but bel ieves there is more to solving the problems of the transition to web-based than the board thinks. Case Questions: 1.Explain why operations management is critical to the success of a business. Operations management (OM) is critical to the success of a business for several reasons. OM is responsible for the decision-making and leadership process that creates the product or service the business provides. The role of OM is to take inputs such as, labor, raw materials, and technology, and turn them into finished goods or services. Other functions of the business, such as marketing, are also important. But, without OM, there would not be a product/service to market to consumers. Reid, 2-23) Why would developing an Internet-based business require different operations consideration for HEI? A traditional catalog-order business and an Internet-based catalog-order business would be very similar in general appearance. A transition to web-based ordering though, would require changes. First, the company would need to upgrade its technology. Either through outsourcing or internal servers, the company would need to create a website. The website would need to be able to handle the customer traffic without crashing.Also, the website would need to be user-friendly so as not to frustrate and turn away potential customer. Customer support personnel would need to be trained to guide customers with questions about the website. Second, and more important than the actual website, is coordinating orders so that requested goods are shipped to the proper customer. Each order transaction will not be entered by a person. Therefore, all of the information gathered by the website will need to be converted to orders easily understood by warehouse personnel.Is George Gonzales correct in his assessment that this would not be â€Å"business as usual†? Yes. The core functions of the physical locations of the catalog-order business will remain mostly the same as before. They will receive o rders, and ship out goods. However, the methods of obtaining orders, customer feedback, return orders, special orders, and many other less notable but still necessary functions will change drastically. If done properly, it will most likely streamline the business, but the initial transition will be difficult. . Recall that HEI wishes to continue its reputation of high quality and service. Identify key operations management decisions that need to be considered. * Will we receive more/less orders? * If demand increases, can HEI supply the demand? * If demand decreases, can HEI â€Å"weather the storm† until demand rebounds? * What new personnel will be required? * Can current employees be trained? * Do new, more technically-advanced employees need to be hired? * Can stock be reduced and operations made more lean? * Should stock be increased?How different will these decisions be for the Internet business? The major difference will be that with a lot of the web-based area of the business, work will be handled electronically and not in a physical location. This will eliminate the need for large call centers and central records keeping locations. A few servers could hold all the information once held by an entire department such as sales, accounting, customer service, etc. This also changes the focus from managing many low-skilled employees to fewer moderate-to-high-skilled employees. Case 1 chapter 2 CHARTING A COMPANY’S DIRECTION: VISION AND MISSION, OBJECTIVES, AND STRATEGY McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright  © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. LO1 Grasp why it is critical for company managers to have a clear strategic vision of where a company needs to head and why. LO2 Understand the importance of setting both strategic and financial objectives. LO3 Understand why the strategic initiatives taken at various organizational levels must be tightly coordinated to achieve companywide performance targets.LO4 Become aware of what a company must do to achieve operating excellence and to execute its strategy proficiently. LO5 Become aware of the role and responsibility of a company’s board of directors in overseeing the strategic management process. 2-2 What Does the Strategy-Making, Strategy-Executing Process Entail? 1. 2. 3. 4. Developing a strategic vision Setting objectives Crafting a strategy Implementing and executing the chosen strat egy 5. Monitoring developments, evaluating performance, and initiating corrective adjustments 2-3 FIGURE 2. 1 The Strategy-Making, Strategy-Executing Process 2-4 TABLE 2. Factors Shaping Decisions in the Strategy-Making, Strategy-Executing Process Internal Considerations Does the company have an appealing customer value proposition? What are the company’s competitively important resources and capabilities and are they potent enough to produce a sustainable competitive advantage? Does the company have sufficient business and competitive strength to seize market opportunities and nullify external threats? Are the company’s prices and costs competitive with those of key rivals? Is the company competitively stronger or weaker than key rivals? External ConsiderationsDoes sticking with the company’s present strategic course present attractive opportunities for growth and profitability? What kind of competitive forces are industry members facing and are they acting to enhance or weaken the company’s prospects for growth and profitability? What factors are driving industry change and what impact on the company’s prospects will they have? How are industry rivals positioned and what strategic moves are they likely to make next? What are the key factors of future competitive success and does the industry offer good prospects for attractive profits for companies possessing those capabilities? 2-5Factors Shaping Strategic Decisions External Considerations What are the industry’s economic characteristics? How strong are the competitive forces at play? What forces are driving change in the industry? What market positions do rivals occupy and what moves are they likely to make next? What are the key factors for future competitive success? What are the company’s external opportunities? 2-6 Factors Shaping Strategic Decisions Internal Considerations How well is the present strategy working? What are the company’s competiti vely valuable resources, capabilities, and internal weaknesses? Are the company’s prices and costs competitive?Is the company competitively stronger or weaker than key rivals? 2-7 Stage 1: Developing a Strategic Vision, a Mission, and Core Values Strategic Vision Is top management’s views about the firm’s direction and future product-market-customer-technology focus Provides a panoramic view of â€Å"where we are going† Is distinctive and specific to a particular organization Avoids use of innocuous uninspiring language that could apply to most any firm Definitively states how the company’s leaders intend to position the firm beyond where it is today 2-8 Characteristics of Effectively Worded Vision Statements GraphicPaints a picture of the kind of firm that management is trying to create Flexible Is not so focused that it makes it difficult to adjust Feasible Is within the realm of what is possible Directional Is forward looking to change Desirable Indicates why the directional path makes sense Focused Is specific enough to provide guidance in decision making Easy to Communicate Can be explained in simple terms 2-9 TABLE 2. 2 Characteristics of Effectively Worded Vision Statements Paints a picture of the kind of company that management is trying to create and the market position(s) the company is striving to stake out.Is forward looking; describes the strategic course that management has charted and the kinds of product-market-customer-technology changes that will help the company prepare for the future. Is specific enough to provide managers with guidance in making decisions and allocating resources. Is not so focused that it makes it difficult for management to adjust to changing circumstances in markets, customer preferences, or technology. Is within the realm of what the company can reasonably expect to achieve. Indicates why the directional path makes good business sense.Is explainable in 5 to 10 minutes and, ideally, ca n be reduced to a simple, memorable â€Å"slogan† Graphic Directional Focused Flexible Feasible Desirable Easy to communicate 2-10 TABLE 2. 3 Common Shortcomings in Company Vision Statements Short on specifics about where the company is headed or what the company is doing to prepare for the future. Doesn’t indicate whether or how management intends to alter the company’s current product-market-customer-technology focus. So all-inclusive that the company could head in most any direction, pursue most any opportunity, or enter most any business.Lacks the power to motivate company personnel or inspire shareholder confidence about the company’s direction. Provides no unique company identity; could apply to firms in any of several industries (including rivals operating in the same market arena). Doesn’t say anything specific about the company’s strategic course beyond the pursuit of such distinctions as being a recognized leader, a global or world wide leader, or the first choice of customers. Vague or incomplete Not forward looking Too broad Bland or uninspiring Not distinctive Too reliant on superlatives 2-11Concepts and Connections 2. 1 Examples of Strategic Visions—How Well Do They Measure Up? 2-12 Concepts and Connections 2. 1 Examples of Strategic Visions—How Well Do They Measure Up? 2-13 Examples of Vision Statements To be the global leader in customer value. Provide a global trading platform where practically anyone can trade practically anything. Red Hat To extend our position as the most trusted Linux and open source provider through a complete range of enterprise software, a powerful Internet platform, and associated support and services. 2-14 Core Concept Strategic Inflection PointsA change in vision is required when it becomes evident to management that the industry has changed in a significant way that renders the company’s current vision obsolete. 2-15 The Importance of Communicating the St rategic Vision An engaging, inspirational vision Challenges and motivates the workforce Articulates a compelling case for â€Å"where we are going and why† Evokes positive support and excitement Arouses a committed organizational effort to move in a common direction 2-16 Expressing the Essence of the Vision in a Slogan Nike To bring innovation and inspiration to every athlete in the world The Mayo ClinicThe best care to every patient every day Greenpeace To halt environmental abuse and promote environmental solutions. 2-17 Why a Sound, Well-Communicated Strategic Vision Matters 1. It crystallizes senior executives’ own views about the firm’s long-term direction. 2. It reduces the risk of rudderless decision making by management at all levels. 3. It is a tool for winning the support of employees to help make the vision a reality. 4. It provides a beacon for lower-level managers in forming departmental missions. 5. It helps an organization prepare for the future. 2-18 Strategic Vision versus Mission StatementA strategic vision concerns a firm’s future business path—â€Å"where we are going† Markets to be pursued Future product/ market/customer/ technology focus The mission statement of a firm focuses on its present business purpose—â€Å"who we are and what we do† Current product and service offerings Customer needs being served 2-19 Developing a Company Mission Statement Ideally, a company mission statement is sufficiently descriptive to: Identify the company’s products or services. Specify the buyer needs it seeks to satisfy. Specify the customer groups or markets it is endeavoring to serve.Specify its approach to pleasing customers. Give the company its own identity. 2-20 Example of a Mission Statement The mission of Trader Joe’s is to give our customers the best food and beverage values that they can find anywhere and to provide them with the information required for informed buying decisi ons. We provide these with a dedication to the highest quality of customer satisfaction delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, fun, individual pride, and company spirit. 2-21 Examples of Mission Statements To help people and businesses throughout the world realize their full potential.To organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful. 2-22 Strategic Mission, Vision, and Profit Firms sometimes state that their mission is to simply earn a profit. Profit is the obvious intent of every commercial enterprise. Profit is not â€Å"who we are and what we do. † Profit is more correctly an objective and a result of what a firm does. 2-23 Linking the Strategic Vision and Mission with Company Values CORE CONCEPT A firm’s values are the beliefs, traits, and behavioral norms that the firm’s personnel are expected to display in conducting the firm’s business and pursuing its strategic vision and mission. -24 CONCEPTS & CON NECTIONS 2. 2 ZAPPOS MISSION AND CORE VALUES Deliver Wow through Service Embrace and Drive Change Create Fun and a Little Weirdness Be Adventurous, Creative, and Open Minded Pursue Growth and Learning Build Open and Honest Relationships with Communication Build a Positive Team and Family Spirit Do More with Less Be Passionate and Determined Be Humble 2-25 Stage 2: Setting Objectives Why set objectives? To convert the strategic vision into specific performance targets To create yardsticks to track progress and measure performance Objectives should:Be well-stated (clearly worded) Be challenging, yet achievable in order to stretch the organization to perform at its full potential Be quantifiable (measurable) Contain a specific deadline for achievement 2-26 Core Concept Objectives are an organization’s performance targets—the results management wants to achieve. 2-27 Stage 2: Setting Objectives (cont’d) What Kinds of Objectives to Set Financial objectives Communicat e management’s targets for financial performance Are lagging indicators that reflect the results of past decisions and organizational activities Relate to revenue growth, profitability, and return on investment -28 Stage 2: Setting Objectives (cont’d) What Kinds of Objectives to Set Strategic objectives Are related to a firm’s marketing standing and competitive vitality Are leading indicators of a firm’s future financial performance and business prospects. If achieved, indicate that a firm’s future financial performance will be better than its current or past performance. 2-29 Core Concept The balanced scorecard is a widely used method for combining the use of both strategic and financial objectives, tracking their achievement, and giving management a more complete and balanced view of how well an organization is performing. -30 TABLE 2. 4 The Balanced Scorecard Approach to Performance Measurement Strategic Objectives †¢ Winning an x percent m arket share †¢ Achieving customer satisfaction rates of x percent †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Increase percentage of sales coming from new products to x percent Financial Objectives †¢ An x percent increase in annual revenues †¢ Annual increases in earnings per share of x percent †¢ An x percent return on capital employed (ROCE) or shareholder investment (ROE) †¢ Bond and credit ratings of x †¢ Internal cash flows of x to fund new capital investment †¢ Improve information systems capabilities to give frontline managers Achieving a customer defect information in retention rate of x percent x minutes Acquire x number of new †¢ Improve teamwork by customers increasing the number of Introduction of x number projects involving more of new products in the than one business unit next three years to x Reduce product development times to x months 2-31 Examples of Financial ObjectivesX% increase in annual revenues X% increase annually in after-tax p rofits Profit margins of X% X% return on capital employed (ROCE) Sufficient internal cash flows to fund 100% of new capital investment 2-32 Examples of Strategic Objectives Winning an X% market share Achieving a customer retention rate of X% Acquire X number of new customers Reduce product defects to X% Introduction of X number of new products in the next three years Increase employee training to X hours/year Reduce turnover to X% per year 2-33 Examples of Company ObjectivesGeneral Motors Reduce the percentage of automobiles using internal combustion engines through the development of hybrids, range-extended electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell electric engines. Reduce automotive structural costs to benchmark levels of 23% of revenue by 2012 from 34% in 2005. Reduce annual U. S. labor costs by an additional $5 billion by 2011. 2-34 Examples of Company Objectives The Home Depot Be the number one destination for professional contractors. Improve in-stock positions so customers ca n find and buy exactly what they need.Deliver differentiated customer service and the know-how that our customers have come to expect. Repurchase $22. 5 billion of outstanding shares during 2008. Open 55 new stores with 5 store relocations in 2008. 2-35 Short-Term and Long-Term Objectives Short-Term Objectives Targets to be achieved soon Milestones or stair steps for reaching long-range performance Long-Term Objectives Targets to be achieved within 3 to 5 years 2-36 The Need for Objectives at All Organizational Levels Objectives Are Needed at All Levels 1. Set business-level objectives 2.Establish functional-area objectives 3. Set operating-level objectives last Long-term objectives take precedence over short-term objectives 2-37 Stage 3: Crafting a Strategy Crafting a strategy means asking: How to attract and please customers How to compete against rivals How to position the firm in the marketplace and capitalize on attractive opportunities to grow the business How best to respond to changing economic and market conditions How to manage each functional piece of the business How to achieve the firm’s performance targets 2-38A Firm’s Strategy-Making Hierarchy A firm’s strategy is a collection of initiatives undertaken by managers at all levels in the organizational hierarchy Crafting strategy is a collaborative effort that: Involves managers from various levels of the organization Is rarely something only highlevel executives engage in Requires choosing among the various strategic alternatives 2-39 Concept to Action In most firms, crafting strategy is a collaborative team effort that includes managers in various positions and at various organizational levels.Crafting strategy is rarely something only highlevel executives do. 2-40 Concept to Action Corporate strategy establishes an overall game plan for managing a set of businesses in a diversified, multibusiness firm. Business strategy is primarily concerned with strengthening the firm†™s market position and building competitive advantage in a single business company or a single business unit of a diversified multibusiness corporation. 2-41 FIGURE 2. 2 A Company’s Strategy-Making Hierarchy 2-42 Corporate Strategy versus Business StrategyCorporate strategy is orchestrated by the CEO and other senior executives and establishes an overall game plan for managing a set of businesses in a diversified, multibusiness company. Business strategy is primarily concerned with building competitive advantage in a single business unit of a diversified company or strengthening the market position of a nondiversified single business company. 2-43 The Strategy-Making Hierarchy Corporate strategy †¢ Is orchestrated by the CEO and other senior executives and establishes an overall game plan for managing a set of businesses in a diversified, multibusiness company. Addresses the questions of how to capture cross-business synergies, what businesses to hold or divest, which new markets to enter, and how to best enter new markets—by acquisition, creation of a strategic alliance, or through internal development. Business strategy Functional-area strategies †¢ Is primarily concerned with building competitive advantage in a single business unit of a diversified company or strengthening the market position of a nondiversified single business company. Are concerned with the strategies specifically related to particular functions or processes within a business (marketing strategy, production strategy, finance strategy, customer service strategy, product development strategy, and human resources strategy). †¢ Are relatively narrow strategic initiatives and approaches of limited scope for managing key operating units (plants, distribution centers, geographic units) and specific operating activities such as materials purchasing or Internet sales. 2-44 Operating strategies Stage 4: Implementing and Executing the Chosen StrategyManaging the strate gy execution process involves: Staffing the organization to provide needed skills and expertise. Allocating ample resources to activities critical to good strategy execution. Ensuring that policies and procedures facilitate rather than impede effective execution. Installing information and operating systems that enable personnel to perform essential activities. 2-45 Stage 4: Implementing and Executing the Chosen Strategy (con’d) Managing the strategy execution process involves: Pushing for continuous improvement in how value chain activities are performed.Tying rewards and incentives directly to the achievement of performance objectives. Creating a company culture and work climate conducive to successful strategy execution. Exerting the internal leadership needed to propel implementation forward. 2-46 Stage 5: Evaluating Performance and Initiating Corrective Adjustments Triggering change as needed: Monitoring new external developments Evaluating the firm’s progress Mak ing corrective adjustments Managing strategy is an ongoing process, not an every-now-and-then task A firm’s vision, objectives, strategy, and approach to strategy execution are never final -47 Corporate Governance: The Role of the Board Of Directors The Role of the Board Of Directors in the StrategyMaking, Strategy-Executing Process: 1. Oversee the firm’s financial accounting and reporting practices. 2. Diligently critique and oversee the company’s direction, strategy, and business approaches. 3. Evaluate the caliber of senior executives’ strategy-making and strategy-executing skills. 4. Institute a compensation plan for top executives that rewards them for actions and results that serve shareholder interests. 2-48 Strong Boards Lead to Good Corporate GovernanceA Strong, Independent Board of Directors: Is well informed about the company’s performance Guides and judges the CEO and other top executives Has the courage to curb management actions it be lieves are inappropriate or unduly risky Certifies to shareholders that the CEO is doing what the board expects Provides insight and advice to management Is intensely involved in debating the pros and cons of key decisions and actions 2-49 Leading the Strategic Management Process The Strategic Management Process calls for six managerial actions: 1.Making sure the company has a good strategic plan 2. Stay on top of what is happening (MBWA) 3. Putting constructive pressure on organizational units to achieve good results 2-50 Leading the Strategic Management Process (cont’d) The Strategic Management Process calls for six managerial actions: 4. Pushing corrective actions to improve both the firm’s strategy and how well it is being executed 5. Leading the development of better competitive capabilities 6. Displaying ethical integrity and leading social responsibility initiatives 2-51 Making Sure a Firm Has a Good Strategic PlanResponsibility of CEO Effectively communicate th e vision, objectives, and major strategy components Exercise due diligence in reviewing lower-level strategies for consistency with higher-level strategies 2-52 Staying on Top of How Well Things Are Going Stay connected to the field by managing by walking around (MBWA) Insist that top managers spend time in the trenches to exchange information and ideas through face-to-face contact with employees Prevent overly abstract thinking and getting disconnected with reality of what’s happening 2-53Pushing for Good Results and Operating Excellence Fosters a results–oriented, high-performance culture Treat employees with dignity and respect Encourage employees to use initiative and creativity in performing their work Set stretch objectives and clearly communicate expectations Focus attention on continuous improvement Reward high performance Celebrate successes 2-54 Initiating Corrective Actions to Improve Strategy and Execution The leadership challenge of making corrective adjus tments is twofold: Deciding when adjustments are needed Deciding what adjustments to makeLeader’s responsibility is to step forward and push corrective actions 2-55 Leading Social Responsibility The strength of management commitment determines whether a company will implement and execute a full-fledged strategy of social responsibility that: That protects the environment Actively participates in community affairs Supports charitable causes Supports workforce diversity and the overall well-being of employees 2-56 Displaying Ethical Integrity The CEO and other senior executives must set an excellent example in their own ethical behavior.Top management must declare unequivocal support of the company’s ethical code. Top management must be prepared to act swiftly and decisively in punishing ethical misconduct. 2-57 Leading the Development of Better Competitive Capabilities Lead efforts to strengthen existing competitive capabilities Anticipate changes in customer-market req uirements Proactively build new competencies and capabilities that hold promise for building an enduring competitive edge 2-58

Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 Essay

Breast cancer is the most common cancer that affects women in the United States. There are at least two majors genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that when they mutate can cause breast cancer. These genes can be passed from parent to child, increasing the risk of developing cancer in those child that have parent carrying these genes. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are located on chromosome 17 and chromosome 13 respectively. There is a 90% chance of developing breast cancer for a woman that has these mutated genes. In contrast, men carrying BRCA1 have no risk to develop breast cancer, but those carrying BRCA2 genes have high risk. It is important to note that mutations in these genes can be passed on to children by either parent. A man with a mutation is just†¦show more content†¦Subsequently, each cell that develops from the fertilized egg will receive this mutated gene. He states that for a cancer to manifest, two mutations must occurs. In hereditary cancers, the person inherit one mutant gene . The second mutation occurs as result of a mitotic error during the many cell division that occurs in the persons lifetime. In sporadic cases both mutation occur in the persons lifetime. In sporadic cases both mutation occurs after fertilization an are acquired much later in life. From this Kudson conclude that hereditary cancers manifest at younger age and there is a higher incidence of multiple tumors, where sporadic cancers occur late in the life and usually only a single tumor occurs. The principal causes of cancer appears to be environmental agents. A good example of this is skin cancer. The condition has increased among fair skinned people who expose themselves to too much sunshine, while being very uncommon among dark skinned races (knudson 1971, cited in Ormiston, 1995). Therefore, most genetic alteration are acquired through our life time from environmental carcinogens with only a small percentage been inherited. However, inherited cancers are very important as it appears that the genes responsible for, hereditary cancer maybe the same as those involved in sporadic malignancies. There are two important type of genes responsible for the development or cancer namely tumor suppressor because their normal function isShow MoreRelatedEssay on Breast Cancer847 Words   |  4 PagesBreast Cancer Chromosome 17 and BRCA1 Among the most common diseases affecting the female population, breast cancer develops in one of every eight American women. This means that almost 200,000 women suffer from the disease each year. Doctors would advise women to take necessary precautions, such as routine surveillance, in order to ensure a life without obtaining this disease prior to understanding any genetic linkage of breast cancer. 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